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Contents
Cover
Title Page
Copyright
Dedication
Preface
Part I: Crime Analysis and Investigation
Chapter 1: Crime Classification: Past and Present
Historical Perspective
Crime Characteristics and Crime Classification Today
Crime Classification: The Decision Process
Classification by Type, Style, and Number of Victims
Crime Classification Numbering System
References
Chapter 2: Criminal Investigative Concepts in Crime Scene Analysis
The Assessment
The Modus Operandi
The Signature Aspect
Modus Operandi or Signature?
Linking Cases
Cases Linked by Offender Signature
Serial Killers and Signature Crime
Personation
Staging
Objectivity
Conclusion
References
Chapter 3: The Impact of the Internet, Technology, and Forensics on Crime Investigation
Internet Serial Murder Case: John E. Robinson Sr.
Advances in Technology
Advances in Forensics
Solving Homicides by Virtual Crime Scene Analysis
Conclusion
References
Chapter 4: Local, Federal, and International Agencies
Types of U.S. Law Enforcement Agencies
Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
FBI’s Behavior Science Unit
History of VICAP
VICAP’S Mission
VICAP Case Types
VICAP Today
Additional Federal Agencies
International Agencies
Combating Cybercrime
Conclusion
References
Chapter 5: Classifying Crimes by Severity From Aggravators to Depravity
The Crime
The Appeal
Aggravators Relating to the Crime Itself
A Framework for Defining the Worst of Crimes
Toward a Depravity Standard for Criminal Sentencing
Defining the Depravity Standard Items: Implications for Investigators
Using the Depravity Standard
References
Part II: The Classifications
Chapter 6: Criminal Enterprise Homicide
The Uniform Crime Reporting Program
Homicide Classification by Victims, Type, and Style
Investigative Profiling
CCM: A Motivational Model for Classification of Homicide
100: Criminal Enterprise
101: Contract Murder (Third Party)
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
102: Gang-Motivated Murder
Defining Characteristics
Common Forensic Findings
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
103: Criminal Competition
Defining Characteristics
Common Forensic Findings
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
104: Kidnap Murder
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
105: Product Tampering
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
106: Drug Murder
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
107: Insurance-Related Death
107.01: Individual Profit
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
107.02: Commercial Profit
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
108: Felony Murder
108.01: Indiscriminate Murder
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
108.02: Situational Murder
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
References
Chapter 7: Personal Cause Homicide
120: Personal Cause Homicide
121: Erotomania-Motivated Murder
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
122: Domestic Homicide
122.01: Spontaneous Domestic Homicide
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
122.02: Staged Domestic Homicide
Defining Characteristics
122.03: Neonaticide
Defining Characteristics
Common Forensic Findings
Investigative Considerations
123: Argument/Conflict Murder
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
123.01: Argument Murder
123.02: Conflict Murder
124: Authority Murder
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
125: Revenge
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
126: Nonspecific Motive Murder
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
Chapter 8: Sexual Homicide
130: Sexual Homicide
131: Sexual Homicide, Organized
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
132: Sexual Homicide, Disorganized
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
133: Sexual Homicide, Mixed
134: Sexual Homicide, Sadistic
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
135: Elder Female Sexual Homicide
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Considerations
References
Chapter 9: Extremist and Medical Homicide
127: Individual Extremist Homicide
Extremist Typologies
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
127.02: Religion-Inspired Homicide
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
128: Medical Murders
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
128.01: Pseudo-Mercy Homicide
128.02: Pseudo-Hero Homicide
References
Chapter 10: Group Cause Homicide
140: Group Cause Homicide
141: Group Cause Homicide, Cult
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
142: Extremist Homicide
Extremist Groups Using the Internet
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
142.01: Extremist Homicide, Political
Defining Characteristics
143: Group Excitement
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
Chapter 11: Arson/Bombing
11.1 Arson: General Characteristics
Search Warrant Suggestions
200: Vandalism-Motivated Arson
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
210: Excitement-Motivated Arson
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
220: Revenge-Motivated Arson
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
230: Crime Concealment Arson
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
240: Profit-Motivated Arson
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
250: Extremist-Motivated Arson
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
251: Extremist-Motivated Arson, Terrorism
260: Serial Arson
Serial Arsonist and MO
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
270: Serial Bombing
Chapter 12: Rape and Sexual Assault
Victim Contact
Fixation
General Forensic Evidence Collections
300: Criminal Enterprise Rape
301: Felony Rape
301.01: Primary Felony Rape
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
301.02: Secondary Felony Rape
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
310: Personal Cause Sexual Assault
311: Indirect Offenses
311.01: Isolated/Opportunistic Offense
311.02: Preferential Offense
311.03: Transition Offense
311.04: Preliminary Offense
312: Domestic Sexual Assault
312.01: Adult Domestic Sexual Assault
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
312.02: Child Domestic Sexual Abuse
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
313: Opportunistic Rape
Sexualization Motive
Sadistic Types
Nonsadistic Types
Vindictive Motivation
313.01: Social Acquaintance Rape
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
313.02: Authority Rape
Defining Characteristics
Investigation
Search Warrant Considerations
313.02.03: Authority Rape, Child
Defining Characteristics
313.03: Power–Reassurance Rape
Defining Characteristics
313.03.02: Power–Reassurance Rape, Adolescent
313.04: Exploitative Rape
Defining Characteristics
314: Anger Rape
Defining Characteristics
314.01: Anger Rape, Gender
314.02: Anger Rape, Age
314.02.01: Anger Rape, Elderly Victim
314.02.02: Anger Rape, Child Victim
314.03: Anger Rape, Racial
Defining Characteristics
314.04: Anger Rape, Global
Defining Characteristics
315: Sadistic Rape
Comparison of Rapist Types
315.01: Sadistic Rape, Adult
Defining Characteristics
315.02: Sadistic Rape, Adolescent
315.04: Sadistic Rape, Elder
319: Abduction Rape
330: Group-Cause Sexual Assault
331: Formal Gang Sexual Assault
332: Informal Gang Sexual Assault
333: Military Sexual Trauma
333.01: Military Sexual Harassment
333.02: Military Sexual Assault/Rape
390: Sexual Assault Not Classified Elsewhere
References
Chapter 13: Nonlethal Crimes
400: Nonlethal Crimes
401: Communication Threats
Defining Characteristics
Search Warrant Suggestions
401.01: Direct Threats
401.02: Indirect Threats
401.03: Conditional Threats
401.04: Nonspecific Threats
402: Threat Delivery
402.01: Threat Delivery, Visual Communication
402.02: Threat Delivery, Verbal Communication
402.03: Threat Delivery, Written Communication
402.03.01: Letter Threat
402.03.02: Symbolic Threat
402.04: Physical Communication Threats
410: Stalking Crimes
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
411: Domestic Stalker
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
412: Nondomestic Stalker
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
413: Erotomania Stalker
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
420: Robbery
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
421: Bank Robbery
422: Home Invasion Robbery
Criminal Profile
Dangerous Trends
Method of Operation
430: Burglary
Defining Characteristics
Investigation Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
440: Assault
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
450: Battery/Abuse
Reference
Chapter 14: Computer Crimes
500: Computer Crimes
510: Computers as the Target
511: Malignant Software
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
512: Computer Data as the Target
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
513: Denial of Service
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
520: The Computer User as the Target
521: Identity Theft
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
522: Invasion of Privacy
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
523: Cyberstalking
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
524: Crimes
524.1: Online Solicitation of Children
524.2: Child Pornography
524.2.1: Possession of Child Pornography
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
524.2.2: Distribution of Child Pornography
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
524.2.3: Production of Child Pornography
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
530: Criminal Enterprise
White-Collar Crime
531: Money Laundering
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
532: Child Pornography
533: Internet Fraud
533.01: Bank Fraud
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
533.02: Fraudulent Internet Transactions
540: Threats via the Internet
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
541: Internet-Initiated Homicide
543: Cybergangs
References
Chapter 15: Increased Globalization of Crime
600: Global Crimes
601: Illegal Migration
601.01: Autonomous Migrant Entries
601.01: Human Trafficking
Exploitation
Types of Trafficking Operations
Process of Trafficking Migrants
601.01.01: Trafficking Migrants
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
Human Smuggling
601.01.02: Human Smuggling
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
601.02: Visa Overstayer
602: Cross-Border Organized Crime
602.01: Cigarette Smuggling
602.02: Cross-Border Smuggling of Weapons
602.03: Trafficking of Narcotics
603: Biological Attacks and Bioterrorism
603.01: Biological Attacks
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
604: Chemical Attacks and Terrorism
604.01: Chemical Attacks
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
605: Hostage Taking
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
606: Bombings and Explosive Attacks and Terrorism
606.01: Explosive Attacks and Terrorism
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
607: Aerial Hijackings
Defining Characteristics
Investigative Considerations
Search Warrant Suggestions
References
Chapter 16: Mass and Serial Homicide
Mass Murder
Serial Murder
References
Chapter 17: Poison and Biological Agents as Weapons
Poisoning
Biological Agents as Weapons
Moving Forward
References
Part III: Legal Issues
Chapter 18: Interviewing, Interrogation, and Criminal Confessions
The Prosecution’s Arsenal
Preparing for the Prescriptive Interview
Challenges to Confessions (FBI, 2002)
Category 1: Behavior
Category 2: Traits
Category 3: Statements
Category 4: Options
Category 5: Consequences
Personal Dignity
Conclusion
References
Chapter 19: Wrongful Convictions: Causes, Solutions, and Case Studies
False Confessions
Junk Science
Overzealous Prosecution
Conclusion
References
About the Editors
About the Contributors
Citation Index
Name Index
Subject Index
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